The Human Being in Eastern Church Father’s and Al-Ghazali’s Philosophical Theology

Contemporary Shifts in the Christian Doctrine of Hell in Anglo-American Philosophical Theology

This problem of hell is a specific form of the problem of evil. The possibility that perhaps a great number of people will end up in an eternal hell is a problem for the Christian who also confesses faith in an omnipotent, omniscient, and omnibenevolent God. In this paper, I shall introduce issuantist views of hell and show that the basic formulations of this perspective do not provide an adeq...

The “Kingdom of Heaven/God” and the Church: A Case Study in Hermeneutics and Theology

There is considerable debate over the meaning of the expressions kingdom of Heaven and kingdom of God used in the Gospels and in the rest of the New Testament and the relationship of this kingdom to the church. The debate addresses three related questions. The first question concerns the nature of the kingdom. When used in the Gospels and in the rest of the New Testament, do these expressions r...

The Church, Dialogue, and Fraternity: Doing Theology from the Place of the Poor

Jacobite Explanation of the Trinity in the Context of Muʿtazilite Theology: Abu Raʾitah al-Takriti

The Melkites, Jacobites, and Nestorians were the main Christian communities under Muslim rule. Several pre-Islamic Arab Christian authors wrote treatises concerning their beliefs in Arabic, some of which date back to the early Islamic centuries. The multiplicity of such polemical works suggests an intellectually open society and a degree of tolerance shown by Muslim leaders. Abu Raʾita...

Being There & Being With: The Philosophical and Cognitive Notions of Presence and Embodiment in Virtual Instruments

In this paper, we will discuss two main concepts, associated with the development of Virtual Worlds, which are “Presence” and “Embodiment”. Presence is stamped as the sense of “Being there”, that has to be reconstructed in Local world to render Distant Worlds accessible by networked or mediated communications. “Embodiment” could be the property of a Virtual entity to be incorporated by human as...